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PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK特性：   

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK                    

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK                                                

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK 其他型号报价:

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK

英文名： polyethylene terephthalate(简称PET)

别名：聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯； 聚对酞酸乙二酯；的确良；涤纶；聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯；达克纶等。

CAS号：25038-59-9

密度：1.68g/mLat 25°C^[1] 

熔点：250-255°C

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯是热塑性聚酯中最主要的品种，俗称涤纶树脂。它是由对苯二甲酸二甲酯与乙二醇酯交换或以对苯二甲酸与乙二醇酯化先合成对苯二甲酸双羟乙酯，然后再进行缩聚反应制得。与PBT一起统称为热塑性聚酯，或饱和聚酯。

1946年英国发表了第一个制备PET的专利，1949年英国ICI公式完成中试，但美国杜邦公司购买专利后，1953年建立了生产装置，在世界最先实现工业化生产。初期PET几乎都用于合成纤维(我国俗称涤纶、的确良)。80年代以来，PET作为工程塑料有突破性的发展，相继研制出成核剂和结晶促进剂，目前PET与PBT一起作为热塑性聚酯，成为五大工程塑料之一。

PET分为纤维级聚酯切片和非纤维级聚酯切片。①纤维级聚酯用于制造涤纶短纤维和涤纶长丝，是供给涤纶纤维企业加工纤维及相关产品的原料。涤纶作为化纤中产量最大的品种。②非纤维级聚酯还有瓶类、薄膜等用途，广泛应用于包装业、电子电器、医疗卫生、建筑、汽车等领域，其中包装是聚酯最大的非纤应用市场，同时也是PET增长最快的领域。

大量用作纤维，而工程塑料树脂可分为非工程塑料级和工程塑料级两大类，非工程塑料级主要用于瓶、薄膜、片材、耐烘烤食品容器等。

PET 是乳白色或浅黄色、高度结晶的聚合物，表面平滑有光泽。在较宽的温度范围内具有优良的物理机械性能，长期使用温度可达120℃，电绝缘性优良，甚至在高温高频下，其电性能仍较好，但耐电晕性较差，抗蠕变性，耐疲劳性，耐摩擦性、尺寸稳定性都很好。PET 有酯键，在强酸、强碱和水蒸汽作用下会发生分解，耐有机溶剂、耐候性好。缺点是结晶速率慢，成型加工困难，模塑温度高，生产周期长，冲击性能差。一般通过增强、填充、共混等方法改进其加工性和物性，以玻璃纤维增强效果明显，提高树脂刚性、耐热性、耐药品性、电气性能和耐候性。但仍需改进结晶速度慢的弊病，可以采取添加成核剂和结晶促进剂等手段。加阻燃剂和防燃滴落剂可改进 PET阻燃性和自熄性。

优点

1.有良好的力学性能，冲击强度是其他薄膜的3~5倍，耐折性好。

2.耐油、耐脂肪、耐烯酸、稀碱，耐大多数溶剂。

3.具有优良的耐高、低温性能，可在120℃温度范围内长期使用，短期使用可耐150℃高温，可耐-70℃低温，且高、低温时对其机械性能影响很小。

4.气体和水蒸气渗透率低，既有优良的阻气、水、油及异味性能。
5.透明度高，可阻挡紫外线，光泽性好。

6.无毒、无味，卫生安全性好，可直接用于食品包装。

性能

PET是乳白色或前黄色高度结晶性的聚合物，表面平滑而有光泽。耐蠕变、耐抗疲劳性、耐磨擦和尺寸稳定性好，磨耗小而硬度高，具有热塑性塑料中最大的韧性：电绝缘性能好，受温度影响小，但耐电晕性较差。无毒、耐气候性、抗化学药品稳定性好，吸水率低，耐弱酸和有机溶剂，但不耐热水浸泡，不耐碱。

PET树脂的玻璃化温度较高，结晶速度慢，模塑周期长，成型周期长，成型收缩率大，尺寸稳定性差，结晶化的成型呈脆性，耐热性低等。

通过成核剂以及结晶剂和玻璃纤维增强的改进，PET除了具有PBT的性质外，还有以下的特点。

1.热变形温度和长期使用温度是热塑性通用工程塑料中最高的

2.因为耐热高，增强PET在250℃的焊锡浴中浸渍10S，几乎不变形也不变色，特别适合制备锡焊的电子、电气零件。

3.弯曲强度 200MPa,弹性模量达4000MPa，耐蠕变及疲劳性也很好，表面硬度高，机械性能与热固性塑料相近。

4.由于生产PET所用乙二醇比生产PBT所用丁二醇的价格几乎便宜一半，所以PET树脂和增强PET是工程塑料中价格最低的，具有很高的性价比。

为改进PET性能，PET可与PC、弹性体、PBT、PS类、ABS、PA形成合金。

PET（增强PET）主要采取注射成型法加工，其他方法还有挤出、吹塑、涂覆和焊接、封接、机加工、真空镀膜等二次加工方法。成型前须充分干燥。

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯是由对苯二甲酸二甲酯与乙二醇酯交换或以对苯二甲酸与乙二醇酯化先合成对苯二甲酸双羟乙酯，然后再进行缩聚反应制得。属结晶型饱和聚酯，平均分子量(2-3)×104，重均与数均分子量之比为1.5-1．8。玻璃化温度80℃，马丁耐热80 ℃，热变形温度98℃(1. 82MPa)，分解温度353℃。具有优良的机械性能．刚性高．硬度大，吸水性很小，尺寸稳定性好。韧性好，耐冲击、耐摩擦、耐蠕变。耐化学性好，溶于甲酚、浓硫酸、硝基苯、三氯醋酸、氯苯酚，不溶于甲醇、乙醇、丙酮、烷烃。使用温度-100～120℃。 弯曲强度 148-310MPa

吸水性 0. 06%-0.129%

冲击强度 64.1-128J/m

洛氏硬度 M 90-95

伸长率 1.8%-2.7%

PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK

In the plastic classification, PET code is No. 1, the role of a wide range:

The main application for the electrical and electronic aspects are: electrical outlets, electronic connectors, rice cookers handle, TV bias yoke, terminal blocks, broken electrical shell, switch, motor fan shell, instrument mechanical parts, cash register parts, iron, Furnace gears, pulley, pump parts, in addition to wheelchair body and wheels, lampshades, wheelchair, wheelchair, Housing, illuminator shell, drain fittings, zippers, watch parts, sprayer parts.

In addition:

Can be spun into polyester fiber, that is, polyester.

Can be made of film for recording, video, film and other substrates, insulation film, product packaging and so on.

As a plastic can be blown into a variety of bottles, such as Coke bottles, mineral water bottles and so on.

Can be used as electrical parts, bearings, gears and so on.

processing method

Polyester polyester from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol polycondensation, follow the general rule of linear polycondensation. Production of polyester polyester, has developed a transesterification and direct esterification of two synthetic technology.

(1) transesterification or indirect esterification

This is the traditional production method, from methyl esterification, ester exchange, final polycondensation of three steps, the purpose of methyl esterification is to facilitate the purification of dimethyl terephthalate purification.

① methyl ester of terephthalic acid and slightly excess of methanol reaction, the first ester into dimethyl terephthalate. Steamed water, excess methanol, methyl benzoate and other low-boiling material, and then by distillation, that is pure terephthalic acid dimethyl ester.

② Ester exchange 190 ~ 200 ° C, with cadmium acetate and antimony trioxide as a catalyst, the dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol (molar ratio of about 1: 2.4) ester exchange reaction to form a polyester oligomer The Distill the methanol and allow the transesterification to be sufficient.

③ the final condensation in the melting point above the polyester, such as 283 ℃, with antimony trioxide as a catalyst, the ethylene terephthalate from the polycondensation or ester exchange, by decompression and high temperature, continue to distill the by-product ethylene glycol , Gradually increase the degree of polymerization.

Methyl esterification and transesterification stages, regardless of the number of groups such as groups. The final condensation stage, according to the amount of ethylene glycol distillate, the natural adjustment of the number of two groups, and gradually approaching the amount of material, slightly more than ethylene glycol, block the molecular ends, to achieve a predetermined degree of polymerization.

(2) direct esterification method

After terephthalic acid purification technology is resolved, this is the preferred method of economic use. Terephthalic acid and excess ethylene glycol are esterified to a low degree of polymerization (e.g., X = 1 to 4) of polyethylene terephthalate at 200 ° C and then finally condensed at 280 ° C to a final degree of high degree of polymerization Polyester products (n = 100 ~ 200), this step is the same as the indirect esterification method.

With the degree of polycondensation, the viscosity of the system increases. In the project, the condensation will be more favorable in the two reactors. Pre-shrinking: 270 ° C, 2000 to 3300 Pa. After the final condensation: 280 ~ 285 ℃, 60 ~ 130Pa.

Forming processing

PET molding can be injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, coating, bonding, machining, electroplating, vacuum plating, printing. The following describes the main two.

1. Injection molding grade ① temperature setting: nozzle: 280 ~ 295 ℃, the former 270 ~ 275 ℃, forging 265 ~ 275 ℃, the latter 250-270 ℃; screw speed 50 ~ 100rpm, mold temperature 30 ~ 85 ℃ , Non-crystalline mold for the 70 ℃ about 5-15KG back pressure. ② test dehumidification dryer, the material temperature 240 ~ 280 ℃, injection pressure 500 ~ 1400 ℃, injection molding temperature 260 ~ 280 ℃, drying temperature 120 ~ 140 ℃, take 2 to 5 hours.

2. Film grade First PET resin slices pre-drying to prevent hydrolysis, and then in the extruder at 280 ℃ by T-die extruded amorphous thick film, after cooling the drum or coolant to quench to keep it An amorphous state for tensile orientation. Thick film and then by the tenter two-way stretch, into a PET film. Longitudinal stretching is to preheat the thick sheet to 86 ~ 87 ℃, and at this temperature along the direction of the extension of the thick sheet stretched about 3 times, so that the orientation can be increased to achieve a higher temperature crystallinity: transverse stretching preheating temperature 98 to 100 ° C, a stretching temperature of 100 to 120 ° C, a draw ratio of 2.5 to 4.0, and a heat setting temperature of 230 to 240 ° C. The longitudinally stretched film is also subjected to heat setting to eliminate deformation of the film produced by stretching to produce a film with good thermal stability.

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PET 美国杜邦 543-LBK